Afrika Korps (full German name: Deutsches Afrikakorps, abbreviated as DAK) is colloquially understood as the collective name of German land units fighting in North Africa in 1941-1943. The Afrika Korps was formed in February 1941, as a result of the painful defeats suffered by the Italian army during the battles with the British in Africa at the turn of 1940/1941. His main task was to come to the aid of the Italian ally and stop the advance of British troops in Libya. The commander of the unit was a general, and later a field marshal, Erwin Rommel. Initially, the DAK consisted of only the 5th Light Division (later transformed into the 21st Armored Division), in May 1941 it was joined by the 15th Armored Division, and at the end of 1941 - the 90th Light Division. It is worth adding that already in the middle of 1941 the Panzergruppe Afrika was founded, headed by Erwin Rommel, and it was joined by Afrika Korps. Despite the defensive tasks, the DAK (or more broadly the Panzergruppe Afrika) very quickly after landing - on the initiative of its commander - went into strictly offensive operations, inflicting a series of defeats in the desert on the British in 1941-1942. However, it was then that its commander was nicknamed the Desert Fox. At the same time, however, from the very beginning, DAK was troubled by supply problems, which had a negative impact on its ability to conduct offensive actions. He suffered a significant defeat during the Second Battle of El Alamein (October-November 1942), which forced the DAK to retreat as far as Tunisia, in which he fought until May 1943.
The Battle of El Alamein, or actually the Second Battle of El Alamein, stayed carried out in the period from October 23 to November 4, 1943. The battle was fought between the German-Italian troops and the British units, supported, however, to a significant extent by Australian, New Zealand and South African troops. It is assumed that about 116 thousand people fought on the side of the Axis countries. people supported by approx. 550 tanks and approx. 800-900 aircraft. On the British side, around 195,000 people fought. people, supported by approx. 1,100 tanks and approx. 750 aircraft. The Second Battle of El Alamein was a kind of continuation of the battle, known as the 1st Battle of El Alamein in July 1942. As a result of this second battle, the Axis offensive towards the Suez Canal was slowed down and finally stopped. On the other hand, the struggle of October-November 1942 was a British offensive to the west, intended to completely push the enemy out of Egypt. It can be assumed that the commander of this battle on the British side - field marshal Bernard Law Montgomery - won mainly thanks to the material advantage and much better logistics. Undoubtedly, however, the British commander, aware of his advantages, decisively used them and led to a decisive victory for his troops, winning the greatest victory in his career. Axis troops lost at least 30,000. people (killed, wounded and captured) and about 500 tanks. The British lost approx. 13-14 thousand. people and about 330 tanks.