The Hawker Typhoon is a British, single-seat, single-engine, metal, semi-shell fighter attack in the low wing structure of the Second World War. Designed in accordance with the requirements set by the British Ministry of Defense in the specification F.18 / 37 of 1937, by the famous designer Sydney Camm. The flight of the prototype took place on February 24, 1940, and the machine entered mass production in 1941. The planes were powered by three variants of the Napier Saber Mk.II engine, ranging from 2180KM to 2260KM. There were five versions of this aircraft. The first two are the fighter F.Mk.IA and F.Mk.Ib, which differ mainly in their on-board weapons. AI Mk.IV and Hawker Typhoon FR Mk IB radar fighter - reconnaissance version. Having dealt with initial design problems, especially engine flaws, the Hawker Typhoon also had great success against V1 shells and German tanks during the fighting in Normandy. In total, over 3,300 copies were built. Technical data (Typhoon F.Mk.IB version): length: 9.73 m, wingspan: 12.67 m, height: 4.66 m, maximum speed: 663 km / h, climb speed: 13.59 m / s, maximum range: 821 km, maximum ceiling 10700 m, armament: fixed - 4 Hispano Mk. II 20mm cannons, suspended - up to 908 kg of bombs, 8 RP-3 missiles.
Supermarine Spitfire is probably the most famous British fighter from the Second World War. It was an all-metal machine with a low wing configuration, characteristic elliptical wings, a classic tail and a retractable landing gear. The prototype flight took place on March 5, 1936. The Spitfire proved to be the RAF's staple of the war, which continued to do well after the war, remaining in production for 10 years. The history of the Spitfire began on the drawing desk of RJ Mitchell, Supermarine's lead designer. The first machines went to RAF units in 1938, but when the Battle of Britain began in the summer of 1940, there were already 19 squadrons of modern fighters at the airfields - together with the slightly older Hurricanes of the Islands, 600 aircraft were defending. With the expansion of hostilities, the Spitfire served wherever the RAF operated in the Far East, North Africa and Italy, during the Normandy landings and fighting in France, and finally during the operation in Germany in 1945. For many Britons, he became a symbol of victory in World War II. This wonderful machine has at least a dozen production versions. The most important of them are, among others the first mass-produced Spitfire Mk.I powered by a 1030hp Rolls-Royce Merlin II engine. It was above all this machine that made such an excellent contribution to the Battle of Britain. Many versions of this model have been developed, including PR Mk IA (reconnaissance version) or PR.IG (armed reconnaissance version). Another interesting version was the Spitfire Mk.V with a Rolls-Royce Merlin 45 engine with 1440HP. Later, Merlin 50 engines were also assembled. Serial production of this version started in 1941 and was the RAF's response to the appearance of the Messerschmitt Bf-109F. Another very successful version is the Spitfire Mk.IX, powered by a Merlin 61 engine with a 4-blade propeller. It was created as an opponent to the Focke-Wulf Fw-190 and was put into production at the end of 1941. This version was modified many times and, for example, in 1944 it got a new gyro sight, an enlarged rudder or a different wing system. Another major version is the Spitfire Mk.XIV with a Rolls-Royce Griffon 61 engine and a five-bladed propeller. Serial production started in October 1943. One of the last series produced was the Mk.21 version. This version had a Griffon 61 engine, a strongly reinforced structure and sheathing, the wings were extended, increasing their flying surface. Mass production started in March 1945. Technical data (Mk.XIV version): length: 9.14m, wingspan: 11.23m, height: 3.05m, maximum speed: 717km / h, rate of climb: 18.5m / s, practical ceiling: 13,200m, range maximum: 1815 km, armament: fixed - 4 7.7mm machine guns and 2 20mm Hispano Mk II cannons, suspended - up to 225 kg of bombs.