Základné informácie
| Výrobca | MAC |
| Kód produktu | MACRES8710 |
| Hmotnosť: | 0.13 kg |
| Škála | 1:87 |
| Pridané do katalógu: | 9.3.2021 |
| Tagy | BM-21-Grad |
The first prototype of heavy transport vehicle was developed in 1961 according to the requirements of the Soviet Army. Serial production started in 1964 in the Ural Car Manufac turing Plant. The vehicle was named Ural 375. It has ZIL 375 engine, with 8 V-shaped cylinders, 7000 cubic cen timetre cylinder capacity, twin-disk clutch and 5-speed synchronized gear box, 2-level distributor and an axle-mounted differential gear. Type pressure is centrally controlled, with the control range between 0.05 MPa and 0.5 MPa. The vehicle also has hydraulic power steering. The main requirement on the design of the Ural vehicle was a high level of ability to negotiate heavy terrain, and in any kind of weather; this is, in fact, indicated by the vehicle’s operating temperatrure: -50 °C to +50 °C. Ural also works reliably in the altitude up to 4.500 m. In 1974-1979 the vehicle’s design underwent extensive mo dernization. This modernized version of the vehicle was named Ural 4320. Because of its great versatility Ural 4320 model have been produced in a large number of different modifi ed versions. It is, to this day, used by the armies of the former Eastern bloc, either as a towing vehicle, a mobile car repair workshop, a radio com muni cation vehicle, personnel transportation vehicle, and aslo as a towing vehicle or a carrier of the rocket launching systems such as BM-21 Grad or Prima.
Technical data
Max. speed: 85 kph
Weight: 8,150 kg
Loading carrying
capacity: 5,000 kg
Lenght: 7,350 mm
Width: 2,690 mm
Height: 2,680 mm
Drive: 6 x 6
The first work on the BM-21 Grad self-propelled missile launcher began in 1960 at the Tula plant. In 1963, the set was adopted by the Soviet Army. Serial production started in the same year and is continued to this day in Fabryka Spław in Tula. The BM-21 set was developed as a successor to the BM-14 launchers. Compared to its predecessor, it had a very large number of modifications. First of all, a new wheeled chassis was used, based on the URAL-375D truck in a 6x6 arrangement. The BM-21 set also has a new launcher with a caliber of 122 mm (compared to 140 mm in the BM-14). The launcher also carries 40 rounds in combat position, compared to 16 on the BM-14. The effective firing range was also significantly improved: while the BM-14 could hit targets at distances of up to 9800 m, the BM-21 Grad system could fire at targets 20,400 m away! The main task of the BM-21, however, still remained to hit surface targets, such as enemy artillery clusters, field fortifications or places of its concentration. The BM-21 set has been exported to many countries, including: Algeria, Angola, Egypt, North Korea, Syria, Vietnam, but also Poland and Czechoslovakia. The BM-21 took part in a large number of conflicts - e.g. the Vietnam War (1964-1975), the Afghan War (1979-1989), the Iran-Iraq War (1979-1989) or the 1991 Gulf War.
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